This past week, Eurasian Development Bank published a report on China’s new plans for expanding its influence in Central Asia; Tajikistan observed 30 years of Emomali Rahmon’s presidency; The Chinese ambassador gave a lecture on China's new development plan and new perspectives on Sino-Tajik relations; Kyrgyz authorities spoke of plans to resolve border issues with Tajikistan by the new year; EU and Tajikistan announced the possibility of an agreement in the energy and water sectors.
Image source: TNU
On November 10, the Eurasian Development Bank (EDB) published a report, Central Asia Economy: A New Look, which addresses many aspects of cooperation between China and Central Asian countries (Eurasianet). The authors write that China has invested about $40 billion in Central Asia, adding that economic growth awaits the region "both with the development of existing routes and with the creation of new railway corridors, including, China - Kyrgyzstan – Uzbekistan; Kazakhstan - Uzbekistan - Afghanistan – Pakistan; Tajikistan - Afghanistan - Turkmenistan. Compared to Russia, trade turnover with China is increasing "at a faster pace," according to the article. Moreover, the 2nd Forum of "China + 5 Central Asian countries" format started in Beijing on November 8th, themed around "Central Asia and China: A new path towards common development". Beijing is expectedly trying to seize this opportunity to strengthen its position in Central Asia. SCO Secretary-General Zhang Ming also tried to convince the participants that joint development with China is "the most effective way to deal with all threats".
On November 16, Tajikistan celebrated President's Day (Current Time, Radio Ozodi, MFA). Emomali Rahmon (Rahmonov), former chairman of the Lenin collective farm in the Dangara district, was elected chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Tajikistan in 1992 and president of the country two years later. Rahmon has ruled Tajikistan for 30 years. Radio Ozodi has noted some of the important events during his 30 years in power in Tajikistan:
- The government of Tajikistan and the United Tajik Opposition (UTO) signed an agreement on peace and national accord in Tajikistan in 1997 under pressure from the international community.
- Emomali Rahmon called the return of tens of thousands of refugees from Afghanistan and other neighboring countries his most important task - the first group of refugees from Afghanistan returned home in April 1994.
- Construction of the Rogun hydropower plant.
- Tajikistan handed over 1,100 square kilometers of disputed territory to China in January 2011.
- Passing a law on "Leader of the Nation"
- Transfer of gold and silver exploration rights to China.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan (MFA), for its part, has written a report on the country's internal and external development in all spheres over the past three years:
- As of 1 January 2022, the gross domestic product was 98.9 billion TJS and the growth rate was 9.2%.
- In 2021, 309 new industrial plants and workshops were commissioned, creating more than 5,000 new jobs, and the development of industrial production increased by 22 percent.
- In 2021, total agricultural production was 39.7 billion TJS, an increase of 106.6% compared to 2020.
- In January-September 2021, the country received 1.6 times more foreign investment than in the same period in 2020.
- Total trade in 2021 reached 40 billion TJS, a 13% increase from 2020.
- In order to achieve the goals of accelerated industrialization of the country, dozens of small and large industrial enterprises with hundreds of jobs have been commissioned in a number of cities and districts with the support of the President.
- In 2021, thanks to the successful foreign policy of the state leadership and the Government of the country, the Tajik nation has also achieved significant achievements in the international arena.
However, Emomali Rahmon's government is also heavily criticized for its suppression of dissent, human rights abuses, and restrictions on freedom of speech and freedom of religion. The Tajik leader has also been criticized for nepotism, as his children and close relatives occupy key positions in the country's leadership and are in possession of unprecedented wealth.
On November 17, the Chinese Ambassador to Tajikistan Ji Shumin delivered a lecture to students at Tajik National University on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Tajikistan and the People's Republic of China (Avesta, TNU). The theme of the lecture was China's new development plans and new perspectives on Sino-Tajik relations. The diplomat noted that China is one of Tajikistan's most important trading partners, the bilateral trade has increased by 82% in the first half of this year and China is the largest source of foreign investment in Tajikistan. The Ambassador also spoke about his diplomatic activities, and a Q&A session with the students followed.
On November 17, Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov announced at a Jogorku Kenesh (Parliament) session that the Kyrgyz authorities plan to resolve border issues with Tajikistan by the new year (Avesta, Caravan). The Jogorku Kenesh ratified the agreements on the delimitation of the Kyrgyz-Uzbek state border and on the joint management of the Kempir-Abad reservoir in three readings. "The issue with Uzbekistan has been resolved, the point has been made. Now we will deal with the issue of borders with Tajikistan. If there are no obstacles, we will finish and present the project before the New Year," the Kyrgyz President said. Sadyr Japarov added that it is necessary to live in peace with all neighbors, and no more deaths should occur at the borders.
On November 19, the head of the Tajik Ministry of Energy D. Juma and Deputy Director General for International Cooperation and Development of the EU (DG INTPA) M. Jaeger, as part of their participation in the conference on EU-Central Asia relations - Global Gateway, discussed 2 agreements between Tajikistan and the EU (Neftegaz, Central Asia News). One agreement being negotiated is related to the energy sector, namely technical assistance to Tajikistan worth €15 million, and the second one focuses on the water sector, amounting to €14 million. Juma stressed that both agreements are extremely important for the country, as they would enable it to develop cooperation with other members of the international community.